What are the spindles of CNC lathes?
CNC lathe is a kind of mechatronics equipment with high comprehensive performance. For CNC lathe, it has some advantages. Its processing precision is very high, which can improve production efficiency, reduce labor intensity of workers, and promote the comprehensive processing of processing enterprises. It is precisely because of these advantages that it has been widely used in many manufacturing fields. Whether the choice of CNC machine tools is reasonable is closely related to the processing quality and production efficiency. Undesirable effects due to normal processing.
CNC tools refer to the general term for various tools used in conjunction with CNC machine tools.
First, the characteristics of CNC machine tools:
(1) Has good and stable cutting performance
The tool has good rigidity and high precision, and can perform high-speed cutting and powerful cutting.
(2) The knife has a high life
A large number of cutting tools use cemented carbide materials or high-performance materials (such as ceramic blades, cubic boron nitride blades, diamond composite blades and coated blades, etc., and high-speed steel cutting tools are mostly high-cobalt, high-vanadium, and high-aluminum. performance high-speed steel and powder metallurgy high-speed steel).
(3) Good tool interchangeability and quick tool change
The tool can be replaced automatically and quickly, and the auxiliary time is shortened.
(4) The knife has high precision
The cutting tool is suitable for the machining of higher precision workpieces, especially when indexable inserts are used, due to the high repeat positioning accuracy of the tool body and the insert. Thus, good processing quality can be obtained.
(5) The knife has reliable chip rolling and chip breaking performance
The use of CNC machine tools cannot be stopped at will to deal with chips. The long chips that appear during processing will affect the safety of the operator and the processing efficiency.
(6) The knife has the function of adjusting size
The tool can be pre-adjusted outside the machine (tool setting) or compensated inside the machine to reduce the time for tool change and adjustment.
(7) Tool can realize serialization, standardization and modularization
Tool serialization, standardization and modularization are beneficial to programming, tool management and cost reduction.
(8) Multifunctional composite and specialization.
Second, the classification of CNC tools
1. According to the tool structure, it can be divided into:
(1) Integral type: the cutting tool is integrated, made of a blank, without separation;
(2) Welding type: the knife rod is connected by welding method;
(3) Machine clip type: Machine clip type is divided into two types: non-reversible and indexable; usually CNC tools adopt machine clip type!
(4) Special types: such as composite knives, shock-absorbing knives;
2. According to the material used in the tool, it can be divided into:
(1) High-speed steel cutting tools;
(2) Carbide cutting tools;
(3) ceramic knives;
(4) Ultra-high pressure sintered tool.
3. According to the tool processing method, it can be divided into:
(1) Turning tools: divided into outer circle, inner circle, thread, grooving, cutting tools, etc.
(2) Drilling tools: including drills, wires, reamers, etc.
(3) Boring tools;
(4) Milling tools: including face milling cutters, end milling cutters, three-sided edge milling cutters, etc.
Third，Introduction of several common knives
1. Turning tools:
CNC turning tool is the most widely used single-edged tool, and it is also the basis for learning and analyzing various tools. Turning tools are used on various lathes to process outer circles, inner holes, end faces, threads, grooves, etc.
Turning tools are divided into outer circle turning tools, inner hole turning tools, slotting tools, cutting tools, and thread turning tools according to different processing methods.
According to the structure, it can be divided into integral type, welded type, machine clip type, indexable type and formed form. The more common one is the indexable blade type.
2. Hole processing tool
Tools that drill holes or expand existing holes on the solid material of the workpiece are collectively called hole processing tools, and hole processing tools are widely used in machining.
(1) drill bit
Primarily used for drilling holes in solid materials. According to different drill structures and uses, it can be divided into twist drills, flat drills, center drills and deep hole drills.
(2) Tools for reprocessing existing holes, such as reaming drills, reamers, and boring tools.
3. Milling tool
A milling cutter is a rotating tool with one or more teeth for milling operations. When working, each knife tooth cuts off the allowance of the workpiece intermittently in turn. Milling cutters are mainly used for machining planes, steps, grooves, forming surfaces and cutting off workpieces on milling machines.
Milling cutters mainly include: cylindrical milling cutters, face milling cutters, end mills, three-sided milling cutters, angle milling cutters, saw blade milling cutters, etc.
4. Thread processing tool
Threads are one of the most common surfaces on parts, and they come in many forms. According to the type, precision and production batch of the thread, different methods and thread tools can be used to process the thread.
Thread processing generally refers to the method of processing threads on workpieces with forming tools or abrasive tools, mainly including turning, milling, tapping, threading, grinding, grinding and whirlwind cutting.
Common thread cutting tools include: thread turning tools, taps, dies, and thread milling cutters.
