Components Of A Lathe Cutting Tool

Although the designs of lathe machine tools vary depending on their uses and circumstances, they all have some components. The common components of each type of lathe cutting tool are listed below.

Shank

This component is what the lathe is attached to. It has a predominantly rectangular cross-section and is the thickest element of the instrument.

Face

The chip flows onto this area of the cutting tool when the lathe is operating.

Flank

This component interacts and competes with the workpiece. The cutting edge is made up of this feature, which may be significant or insignificant, and the side of the cutting instrument.

Cutting Edge

This component executes the cutting motion of the tool. The tool determines the cutting edge. For instance, a single-point tool will have two cutting edges, and the two surfaces can be used to cut.

Tool Nose

The major and minor cutting-edge intersection is here. Because of its curvature, it is stronger, lasts longer, and makes cuts more smoothly.

Side Rake Angle

The tool face and a line perpendicular to the body combine to make this. It establishes the chip flow's direction.

Side Relief Angle

When viewed from the front, the major flank makes an angle with the shank surface parallel to the base of the cutting tool. This angle is known as the side relief angle. The main flank is kept from rubbing against the workpiece thanks to this.

End Relief Angle

It is the angle formed by the flank leading edge and the line perpendicular to the tool's base when viewed from the side. The minor flank is kept from rubbing against the workpiece thanks to this.

Back Rake Angle

It is the arc formed by the face and a plane that is perpendicular to the base. Sharpness will increase with a high rake angle while strength will decrease, and vice versa.

End Cutting Edge Angle

This angle is formed by the end cutting edge and a line that is tangent to the tool's nose and perpendicular to the tool's body. It stops the tool from making contact with the machining on the workpiece.

Side Cutting Edge Angle

the inclination of a line parallel to the tool's body that the side cutting edge makes. Therefore, during lathing operations, it has a significant impact on the cutting force and chip thickness.